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语法填空考点大串讲

名词

  • (1)名词单复数文中必有提示 eg:several/few/动词原形/are

  • (2)动词变名词

    1. 动词是及物动词 educate

      1. 不跟名词变名词 Education (educate) is important
      2. 跟名词变动名词 Educating (educate) students is important
    2. 动词是不及物动词 die -> dying/death

      看修饰成分的位置

      1. We should avoid early death (die)
      2. We should avoid dying (die) early

谓语动词

  • (1)主被动
    1. be done/get done
    2. 情态动词 + be done
  • (2)时态:“形意对应”
    1. 常态:do/does
    2. 讲故事:did(动作=过去,句子=过去)
    3. 吹牛逼:have/has done(动作=过去,句子=现在)
      1. 完成时 + (since + 过去时)
      2. so far/by now/up till now/up to now 到现在为止
      3. over the last few years/during the past several weeks/in the last 3 days
      4. 次数:
        1. I have done sth. 3 times
        2. It is the third time that I have done sth.
    4. 发生在 did 之前:had done
    5. 发生在 did 的将来:would do
    6. 将要做某事/将来会发生:will do
    7. 将做完某事/某事将完成:will have done
    8. “正在”:be doing
    9. “一直一直一直一直做已经做了很长时间还在做”:have/has/had been doing

非谓语动词:形意对应

  • (1)做 doing
  • (2)被做 done
  • (3)要做去做还未做 to do
    1. 形容词(喜怒哀乐惊讶好坏难易贵贱) + to do
    2. only to do = 令人惊讶的结果
    3. I have homework to do 自己做。I have homework to be done 别人做。
  • (4)要被做 to be done
  • (5)之前做 having done
  • (6)之前被做 having been done
  • (7)正在被做 being done

形容词

  • (1)形容词在哪儿用?
    1. 修饰名词——作定语!eg:a handsome teacher
    2. 系动词后——作标语!eg:Li Hui is handsome
  • (2)形容词考什么?
    1. 名词变形容词:后缀
    2. 动词变形容词:“使动词”用法 excite ->
      1. +ing 表“令人”exciting 令人兴奋的 adj.
      2. +ed 表“感到”excited 感到兴奋的 adj.
    3. 形容词的比较级
      1. 碰到 as 选原级 Li Hui is as handsome as LiuDehua
      2. 碰到 than 选比较级 Li Hui is more handsome than LiuDehua
      3. 碰到 the 选最高级(in/of/among)(eg:Li Hui is the most handsome teacher of/among all teachers in the world)

副词

  • (1)副词在哪儿用?(重要!!!)

    1. 修饰动词 Li Hui really teaches English
    2. 修饰形容词副词
      1. Li Hui looks really handsome
      2. Li Hui speaks really fast
    3. 修饰介短 Li Hui is really in Beijing
    4. 修饰整句 Fortunately, I made up my mind to learn English with Li Hui
  • (2)副词考什么?

    1. 形容词 + ly = 副词
    2. 副词的比较登记
      1. 碰到 as 选原级
      2. 碰到 than 选比较级
      3. 碰到 the 选最高级(in/of/among 搭配)
    3. 修饰比较级:

    for, a little, a bit, much, a lot, a great deal, any, even, still, slightly

    eg:Li Hua is a lot more handsome than Liu Dehua

代词:代词靠翻译

  • (1)我(主)I
  • (2)我(宾)me
  • (3)我的(形容词)my
  • (4)我的(名词)mine
  • (5)我自己 myself(反身代词:主语发出动作作用于主语本身)

冠词

  • (1)翻译法

    1. 一/个/一个:a/an
    2. 这/内:the

    eg:Look!There is a cat under the desk

  • (2)特指泛指分析法

    1. 特指:明确知道是哪个(The sun is shining in the sky)

    2. 泛指:随便哪个都行/一类中的一个

      I need a student to help me

      Li Hui is a eeacher

  • (3)固定搭配

    1. 有 the 表具象,无 the 表抽象
      1. in the hospital 在医院里/ in hospital 在住院
      2. play the piano 弹的是钢琴本身/ play football 玩的是一套游戏
    2. 有 the 有限制,无 the 无限制
      1. in the front of the bus 在公交车前部分
      2. in front of the bus 在公交车外面的前面。

介词

(1)基本含义

  1. in 范围里
  2. at 点
  3. on 吸附
  4. off 断开
  5. to 终点
  6. from 离开
  7. for 为/花
  8. with 伴随着
  9. by 倚靠/乘坐/被
  10. about 围绕/大约

(2)固定搭配

连词

(1)并列连词

  1. and 和、并且、然后、那么
  2. or 或则、否则
  3. but 但是、除了
  4. so 所以、以便

(2)三大从句

  1. 名词性从句:“的那个”翻译大法(What I said)is true
    1. 连词:从句完整填连词或副词

      1. that 说/不翻译/这件事 I know you love me
      2. whether 是否/与否 I wonder whether you love me
    2. 连接副词:从句完整填连词或副词

      1. when 生么时候/……的那个时间
      2. where 什么地方/……的那个地方
      3. why 为什么/……的那个原因
      4. how 怎么/多么/……的那个方式

      eg:I don't konw when/where/why/how/whether/if he will go

    3. 连接代词:从句不完整填代词

      1. who 谁/……的那个人
      2. whom 谁/……的那个人
      3. which 哪个/……的其中一个
      4. what 什么/……的那个东西/……的那个事儿

      eg:I don‘t know who/which/what he likes

    4. 特殊注意事项:

      1. 加上 ever 表示“无论”
      2. “how + adj/adv”引导名从
        1. I don't know (how handsome Li Hua looks)
        2. I don't know (how fast Li Hui speaks)
      3. "what/which + n." 引导名从
        1. I don't know (which fruit you like)
        2. I don't know (which student broke the glass)
  2. 定语从句:考引导词的选择
    1. 特殊关系词:靠翻译搞定

      1. “正如”:as。eg:As our teacher told us,Li Hui is handsome
      2. “他的、它们的”:whose。eg:I have a house whose windows face the sea
      3. “为什么”why(why 的唯一先行词是 reason)

      eg:I want to know the reason why Li Hui teaches English

    2. 关系代词:从句不完整,填代词

      1. 空格前没逗号没介词,填 that
      2. 有逗号,人 who,物 which
      3. 有介词,人 whom,物 which
    3. 关系副词:从句完整,填副词

      1. when“那会儿”(修饰时间名词)
      2. where“在那儿”(修饰其他名词)“非时间即地点”

      eg:I love the job(where I can help people)

    4. 特殊注意事项

      1. Those(who) = 那么什么什么样的人……
      2. 某人做某事的方式
        1. The way sb. do sth...
        2. The way that sb. do sth...
        3. The way in which sb. do sth...
  3. 状语从句:背引导词!!
    1. as if/ as though 就好像
    2. even if/ even though 即使
    3. as long as 只要
    4. only if 只有如果
    5. if only 要是……就好了

并列

只要空格附近有 and,则 and 一定是线索——必须搞清楚谁跟谁并列。

(1)如果 A and B,则 A = B

(2)先找 B,后找 A

固定搭配

只考常见的。

距离 2025 高考还有 -103 天。

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