语法填空考点大串讲
名词
(1)名词单复数文中必有提示 eg:several/few/动词原形/are
(2)动词变名词
动词是及物动词 educate
- 不跟名词变名词 Education (educate) is important
- 跟名词变动名词 Educating (educate) students is important
动词是不及物动词 die -> dying/death
看修饰成分的位置
- We should avoid early death (die)
- We should avoid dying (die) early
谓语动词
- (1)主被动
- be done/get done
- 情态动词 + be done
- (2)时态:“形意对应”
- 常态:do/does
- 讲故事:did(动作=过去,句子=过去)
- 吹牛逼:have/has done(动作=过去,句子=现在)
- 完成时 + (since + 过去时)
- so far/by now/up till now/up to now 到现在为止
- over the last few years/during the past several weeks/in the last 3 days
- 次数:
- I have done sth. 3 times
- It is the third time that I have done sth.
- 发生在 did 之前:had done
- 发生在 did 的将来:would do
- 将要做某事/将来会发生:will do
- 将做完某事/某事将完成:will have done
- “正在”:be doing
- “一直一直一直一直做已经做了很长时间还在做”:have/has/had been doing
非谓语动词:形意对应
- (1)做 doing
- (2)被做 done
- (3)要做去做还未做 to do
- 形容词(喜怒哀乐惊讶好坏难易贵贱) + to do
- only to do = 令人惊讶的结果
- I have homework to do 自己做。I have homework to be done 别人做。
- (4)要被做 to be done
- (5)之前做 having done
- (6)之前被做 having been done
- (7)正在被做 being done
形容词
- (1)形容词在哪儿用?
- 修饰名词——作定语!eg:a handsome teacher
- 系动词后——作标语!eg:Li Hui is handsome
- (2)形容词考什么?
- 名词变形容词:后缀
- 动词变形容词:“使动词”用法 excite ->
- +ing 表“令人”exciting 令人兴奋的 adj.
- +ed 表“感到”excited 感到兴奋的 adj.
- 形容词的比较级
- 碰到 as 选原级 Li Hui is as handsome as LiuDehua
- 碰到 than 选比较级 Li Hui is more handsome than LiuDehua
- 碰到 the 选最高级(in/of/among)(eg:Li Hui is the most handsome teacher of/among all teachers in the world)
副词
(1)副词在哪儿用?(重要!!!)
- 修饰动词 Li Hui really teaches English
- 修饰形容词副词
- Li Hui looks really handsome
- Li Hui speaks really fast
- 修饰介短 Li Hui is really in Beijing
- 修饰整句 Fortunately, I made up my mind to learn English with Li Hui
(2)副词考什么?
- 形容词 + ly = 副词
- 副词的比较登记
- 碰到 as 选原级
- 碰到 than 选比较级
- 碰到 the 选最高级(in/of/among 搭配)
- 修饰比较级:
for, a little, a bit, much, a lot, a great deal, any, even, still, slightly
eg:Li Hua is a lot more handsome than Liu Dehua
代词:代词靠翻译
- (1)我(主)I
- (2)我(宾)me
- (3)我的(形容词)my
- (4)我的(名词)mine
- (5)我自己 myself(反身代词:主语发出动作作用于主语本身)
冠词
(1)翻译法
- 一/个/一个:a/an
- 这/内:the
eg:Look!There is a cat under the desk
(2)特指泛指分析法
特指:明确知道是哪个(The sun is shining in the sky)
泛指:随便哪个都行/一类中的一个
I need a student to help me
Li Hui is a eeacher
(3)固定搭配
- 有 the 表具象,无 the 表抽象
- in the hospital 在医院里/ in hospital 在住院
- play the piano 弹的是钢琴本身/ play football 玩的是一套游戏
- 有 the 有限制,无 the 无限制
- in the front of the bus 在公交车前部分
- in front of the bus 在公交车外面的前面。
- 有 the 表具象,无 the 表抽象
介词
(1)基本含义
- in 范围里
- at 点
- on 吸附
- off 断开
- to 终点
- from 离开
- for 为/花
- with 伴随着
- by 倚靠/乘坐/被
- about 围绕/大约
(2)固定搭配
连词
(1)并列连词
- and 和、并且、然后、那么
- or 或则、否则
- but 但是、除了
- so 所以、以便
(2)三大从句
- 名词性从句:“的那个”翻译大法(What I said)is true
连词:从句完整填连词或副词
- that 说/不翻译/这件事 I know you love me
- whether 是否/与否 I wonder whether you love me
连接副词:从句完整填连词或副词
- when 生么时候/……的那个时间
- where 什么地方/……的那个地方
- why 为什么/……的那个原因
- how 怎么/多么/……的那个方式
eg:I don't konw when/where/why/how/whether/if he will go
连接代词:从句不完整填代词
- who 谁/……的那个人
- whom 谁/……的那个人
- which 哪个/……的其中一个
- what 什么/……的那个东西/……的那个事儿
eg:I don‘t know who/which/what he likes
特殊注意事项:
- 加上 ever 表示“无论”
- “how + adj/adv”引导名从
- I don't know (how handsome Li Hua looks)
- I don't know (how fast Li Hui speaks)
- "what/which + n." 引导名从
- I don't know (which fruit you like)
- I don't know (which student broke the glass)
- 定语从句:考引导词的选择
特殊关系词:靠翻译搞定
- “正如”:as。eg:As our teacher told us,Li Hui is handsome
- “他的、它们的”:whose。eg:I have a house whose windows face the sea
- “为什么”why(why 的唯一先行词是 reason)
eg:I want to know the reason why Li Hui teaches English
关系代词:从句不完整,填代词
- 空格前没逗号没介词,填 that
- 有逗号,人 who,物 which
- 有介词,人 whom,物 which
关系副词:从句完整,填副词
- when“那会儿”(修饰时间名词)
- where“在那儿”(修饰其他名词)“非时间即地点”
eg:I love the job(where I can help people)
特殊注意事项
- Those(who) = 那么什么什么样的人……
- 某人做某事的方式
- The way sb. do sth...
- The way that sb. do sth...
- The way in which sb. do sth...
- 状语从句:背引导词!!
- as if/ as though 就好像
- even if/ even though 即使
- as long as 只要
- only if 只有如果
- if only 要是……就好了
并列
只要空格附近有 and,则 and 一定是线索——必须搞清楚谁跟谁并列。
(1)如果 A and B,则 A = B
(2)先找 B,后找 A
固定搭配
只考常见的。